Abstract
“Major-country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics in the new era” is the core concept and policy guidance of Xi Jinping thought on diplomacy, which reflects Beijing's self-confidence, vision and world view in the international politics amid the rise of China. Derived from the idea of "major-country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics in the new era", the "New pattern of major-country relations" perceived by Beijing as a multi-polar international system is comprised of the three pillars of relations between China and the United States, China and Russia, and China and Europe. Its ultimate goal is to create a favorable international context to achieve the so-called "Chinese Dream" under Xi 's national socialist foreign policy. However, with the aggressive rise of China, the global geostrategic situation is shrouded in competition between the sea power of the United States with European allies and the land power of China with Russia. In the strategic environment of the Indo-Pacific region, the United States is building the "Australia-UK-US Trilateral Security Partnership" (AUKUS) and the "Quadrilateral Security Dialogue" (QUAD) based on American regional military allies and partners and other multilateral security mechanisms, while integrating with its external allies and partners to jointly counter the aggressive revisionism centered on the triangular axis between China, Russia and North Korea. "Major-country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics " in response to these global and regional challenges is bound to continue to become a core issue in Beijing's diplomatic work and affect the future development of international politics and Taiwan Strait security. Accordingly, this paper first explores the conceptual content of "major-country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics in the new era", and then the competitive relationship between China and the United States, the "new paradigm" relationship between China and Russia, and the "partnership" relationship between China and Europe in order to understand "major-country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics in the new era " and the challenges it faces.